# 3.1 加密货币的探索

## 数字加密货币的产生

在比特币发行之前，已有存在种不同的“ecash”技术和产品。最早的起源来自David Chaum和Stefan Brands所提出之以发行者为主的ecash协议。接着许多以ecash协议为基础的数字货币等产品开始出现，其中以Adam Back的“hashcash”、戴维(Wei Dai)的“b-money”、Nick Szabo的“bit-gold”，以及Hal Finney在“hashcash”技术上发展的“RPOW”等为代表。

但这些数字货币都没有真正成功。

2008年下半年经济危机爆发，11月中本聪发表论文《Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System》

2009年1月3日，比特币网络上线，中本聪挖出创世区块（genesis block）。由此开启了一个新时代，也标志着数字加密货币的诞生。

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